NEWS Judge or Algorithm: What to Do If a Neural Network Made Up a Law and Sent You to Prison

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Technology has reached places where previously only people were allowed.
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British courts, which have been facing years of overload and resource shortages, are beginning a large-scale implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) into their daily processes. Authorities hope the new tools will speed up case processing and reduce backlogs.

At a Microsoft event in London, UK Justice Secretary David Lammy announced the expansion of AI use in the courts of England and Wales. The technology will be used to transcribe oral arguments, prepare summaries of judgments, and schedule hearings. He noted that the Ministry of Justice is already actively using the Copilot assistant , and has become one of the fastest-growing agencies in government in terms of its use.

Courts and tribunals are testing tools previously piloted by the Probation Service. The system automatically transcribes conversations between staff and inmates. The ministry claims this has saved over 25,000 hours of work time, as staff no longer have to manually compile reports.

Some immigration and asylum judges are using AI to prepare working notes and draft wording, while legal advisers and district judges in magistrates' courts are participating in pilot projects to automatically transcribe and summarize decisions. The Courts and Tribunals Service will launch an AI-powered tool for court scheduling. The Justice AI Unit will receive additional funding of over £12 million in the next financial year.

Lammy also cited the experience of the Ontario Justice Court in Toronto, which went paperless and was initially built entirely digitally. He believes this model could serve as a model for the British system. However, Canada has already encountered problems with the use of generative algorithms .

Last year, a judge ordered a lawyer to refile a criminal case after a fictitious court decision and inappropriate citations were discovered in the documents. Judge Joseph Kenkel pointed out numerous significant errors and cautioned against using such legal research tools when preparing procedural documents.

In addition to digitalization, the government intends to speed up court operations by increasing the number of hearings, creating so-called "fast courts" where similar cases are combined, and modernizing court buildings. Some proposals, including the expanded use of AI and increased use of videoconferencing, were developed based on a report previously presented by Sir Brian Leveson.

The Justice Minister is also seeking to reduce the number of jury trials. The plan proposes stripping defendants of the right to choose this form of trial in cases where the maximum sentence is three years or less in prison. The initiative is generating resistance among some Labour Party MPs, and its passage through Parliament could prove challenging.
 
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